Accuracy wise, 16's could be just as "accurate" as longer
barrels. As was already stated, it is a barrel quality
issue. The issue for the short barrels in velocity
loss, which equates to bullet drop, and drift, differences
at longer ranges. Uses of fast powders may mitigate some
of that velocity loss, but that is the issue for 14.5"-16"
versus 20-26" inch barrels. As an example, I have a Savage
Striker(14" barreled bolt action pistol), and a Browning BAR
(20" carbine), both in 308 Win. I have done extensive load
development work, for these firearms, with Barnes 130 gr.
TSX bullets, with W-748 powder. Fortunately the same load
performs well(sub MOA) in both firearms, which is why I use
them in this example. I chrony this load, out of the
Striker, at 2800 fps(ave.), and a little over 3000 fps, out
of the BAR. Fast powder, and a larger bore diameter(larger
cylinder for expanding gases to develop pressure), allows
me to achieve respectable velocities in the short barrel
of the Striker, but the MV loss, is measured at +200 fps,
in 6 inches less of barrel. The smaller bore, dependent
on powder burn rate, could potentially have even more
velocity loss per inch, than this 308 Win example.
With all of this said, critters under 200 yards are not
going to know that the accurate bullet that just hit
them, was 200 fps slower than what might have hit them
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