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A Quieter Coyote Rifle
7.62x39 "Combloc" Whisper
Very early one morning at our favourite coyote hunting spot, my hunting partner Ken Erikson and I were overcome with coyote fever and we did a dumb thing. This spot is right beside a chicken farm and it is great for coyotes because they are drawn to the smell of the place and the abundant food available in the chicken pit.
Normally we like to arrive at the chicken farm early so we can get into position to await the arrival of our coyote friends. On this day the coyotes beat us to it and we arrived just in time to see the pack heading away from the pit.
Without thinking we laid the rifles across the top of Ken’s truck and began banging away at the startled pack. In the early morning gloom the 30-06 and the 25-06 both produced huge fireballs out of the muzzle. Every time I squeezed the trigger the target would disappear behind a bright orange glow of muzzle-blast.
Collectively we fired four earsplitting shots into the early dawn. The worst thing was that all we had to show for the racket was a severely [beeep] off farm-hand. Apparently it is tough to sleep while someone is shooting a very loud rifle nearby.
As any hunter or varmint hunter knows it can be difficult to find good hunting spots so we like to take care not to annoy those people who are kind enough allow us access to their land. It was at this point that I decided to look for a quieter alternative to full sized rifle cartridges for coyote hunting.
After a long search for a suitable cartridge I happened on the 7.62x39 Russian case. This is the same cartridge used in the AK47 and SKS military rifles. The cartridge is used in these rifles specifically because it is an intermediate sized case without the noise and recoil of a full-sized cartridge. This case is also the parent for the 220 Russian, which in turn spawned the .22PPC and 6PPC, the most accurate Benchrest cartridges ever developed.
The standard 7.62x39 loading is a .311-inch, 125 grain bullet at about 2300 feet per second. I had used polycarbonate tipped varmint bullets in this weight in both a .308 Winchester and a 30-06 Springfield and found them to be particularly deadly on coyotes out to 250 yards.
Most rifles chambered in 7.62x39 have a .311” bore size. However it is possible to chamber this round in a standard .308 sized barrel. The reason for switching to the .308 barrel is that many top quality barrels are produced in this bore size and there are an almost unlimited variety of bullet weights and configurations to choose from.
Once the cartridge had been chosen, the rifle was sent off to the gunsmith to be rebarreled. The plan was to produce a light, handy and inoffensive coyote rifle so the minimum legal barrel length of 18 inches was specified.
At the time I did not have a lightweight stock so the finished rifle was bolted into a spare wooden target stock for initial testing. A 3-9x MIL Dot scope was set into a pair of Burris Signature rings and it was time to test the first loads.
From previous experiments with .30 calibre “varmint” rifles there were a couple of boxes of 110 grain and 125 grain varmint bullets on the loading bench waiting to be used. The first two tested were the Hornady 110 grain VMax and the Nosler 125 grain Ballistic Tip. Varmint hunters will recognize both of these as premium, polycarbonate tipped small game bullets.
Polycarbonate tipped varmint bullets are designed to fragment explosively over a wide range of velocities in small or soft skinned game and they are exceedingly destructive to ensure clean quick and humane kills.
Additionally these bullets are designed to be very accurate to fulfill the needs of varmint hunters utilizing benchrest techniques.
I tried a few published 7.62x39 loads but the short 18-inch barrel combined with relatively slow burning rifle powder to result in a horrendous muzzle blast. This was not much improvement over the full sized cartridges.
I decided to try a trick learned from another project.
After some calculations and data extrapolation (don’t do this unless you are an experienced handloader), the resulting powder charges almost filled the case to the bottom of the neck (100% load density). Sixteen grains of fast burning pistol powder is a pretty big charge to set off but I figured that the ultra strong Mauser rifle-action could handle it. I needant have worried, the load turned out to be perfect.
The little 110 grain bullets zipped out of the muzzle at almost 2300 fps while the 125 grain bullets were well over 2100 fps. These velocities are just below standard 7.62x39 loadings. But the best part was that the loads were surprisingly quiet. The ultra fast burning pistol powder is totally consumed inside the 18-inch barrel resulting in a greatly reduced muzzle signature. The rounds sound like a .22 Rimfire on steroids or a .22 Magnum and can easily be shot without the use of hearing protection, which is extremely useful for a coyote hunting rifle.
Firing this rifle is an odd experience. It has so little recoil and noise that it hardly feels like you are firing a full sized hunting rifle. Yet it hits like a sledgehammer at ranges far beyond what a .22 rimfire could hope to achieve. I don’t believe that the .22 rimfire is ethical for use on game as large as a coyote.
The combination of low noise signature and non-existent recoil makes this an ideal training rifle for new shooters and as a bonus; it is exceptionally cheap to shoot.
There is a dilemma associated with the use of pistol powders to achieve rifle velocities. After the second firing it became very noticeable that the primer pockets were opening up. Obviously the rapid pressure buildup from the large charge of pistol powder has a tendency to work the brass fairly hard. While no cases were lost at this point, not many are expected to make it to the fourth loading. Note: Cases were never in danger of catastrophic failure and no failures were experienced. The problem is that primer pockets become stretched to the point where they will no longer hold a primer.
Accuracy testing showed that premium bullets do indeed work better than plinking bullets. Generally accuracy was acceptable with groups ranging from 2.0 to 2.5 MOA. While not of target rifle quality, groups were determined to be acceptable for the rifle's operating parameters. That is to smote coyote sized targets with a blow of biblical proportions to 250-300 yards while maintaining muzzle noise well below a thunderclap.
How does this little rifle work in the field? Very well thank you. Its first trial run resulted in a perfect five out of five coyotes (see picture above). The ultra destructive varmint bullets result in instant kills. Only one of the five coyotes took a single step from where it had been hit and even then it didn’t go very far. The diminutive “pop” of the rifle is no more offensive than a rimfire rifle and the farmer is much more happy with us.
Last Updated ( Mon, 21 Feb 2005 )