I cut my teeth on hunting byt shooting many many groundhogs on my uncles farm. Ive set leg traps for them outside their holes before but 99% of them were shot. Ive stuffed dry hay into the holes, and tried smoking them out and the only way those buggers will come out is if they want to. When I had my own little farm, I just kept a rifle near the bedroom window and when I saw one in the field, up went the window and out came the rifle. In the spring, black snakes will venture into the holes and eat the babies and Ive seen SOME cats do the same. I think unless you shoot, trap, or poison them, your stuck.