As for the huntable species considered harmful to agricultural products (hogs) or predators of noble game (jackals, foxes, badgers), they can be hunted all year round with the exception of females who may be pregnant (but nobody will ever check you for this).
In the past 2 or 3 years, the jackals have increased significantly in number and have also arrived in Italy. Unfortunately, as you have seen, they are almost as big as your coyotes and do serious damage, especially killing young roe deer. In Croatia we hunt them at night on the plains in the midst of dense and almost impenetrable forests. They are very suspicious, you have to attract them with rotten meat baits and with the call of the hare. It is a difficult hunt, at night, in the cold, hidden in a fixed stakeout 6 to 9 yards high, without being able to say a word, being careful of the wind direction, but when I go accompanied by my gamekeeper, who is a true professional, I often hear them barking and howling and I can almost always see at least one or two. As I have written several times, I have the best device in the world to see them (Pulsar Accolade XP50 LRF), but then the real problem arises: it is not easy at all to shoot with the green torch, because they are very difficult shots often at long distances. We were able to see them even while driving with the car running, I observe with thermal binoculars with the window down, I don't tell you how cold I take ... But it would take a valid thermal rifle scope to shoot .... I see it, but then I can't pull. You have to be very quick to shoot ...
As for rifles with rifled barrel, you can use any bolt action or semi-automatic rifle but with these limitations:
You can use any caliber from 5.6 mm up (but the 22 l.r. caliber is forbidden) with minimum bullets of 50 grains and at 110 yards it must have a minimum energy of 738 ft / lb.
If you hunt chamois or mouflon, with a minimum bullets of 75 grains and at 110 yards it must have a minimum energy of 1476 ft / lb.
If you hunt the deer, with a minimum bullets of 127 grains and at 110 yards it must have a minimum energy of 1844 ft / lb.
If you hunt the bear, with a minimum bullets of 178 grains and at 110 yards it must have a minimum energy of 2582 ft / lb.