Stainless barrels hold their accuracy longer, they are more resistant to throat erosion.
Quote:Barrel Steel
Ninety percent of Lilja's customers want stainless steel barrels. A good percentage of those are hunters who want the resistance to weather provided by stainless steel. Lilja uses 416 stainless. A stainless barrel has a longer and more accurate life than the standard 4140-type chrome/molybdenum steel barrel because stainless steel resists heat erosion in the throat better. "I also get a better final finish with stainless," Lilja said.
However, there is still a demand for chrome-moly barrels. Most of the chrome-moly barrels Lilja makes are for high-grade custom hunting rifles with custom made wood stocks. And, some shooters still insist on having a blued barrel.
What steel works best depends on the makeup of the bullets intended for the rifle. For instance, for the 50 Browning machine gun cartridge a stainless steel barrel will last longer and foul less shooting conventional copper-jacketed bullets, such as the Hornady. But a barrel of chrome/moly steel will probably last longer firing lathe-turned bullets made from brass, bronze, copper or steel.
When Lilja orders the bars of barrel steel he tells the steel mill the steel is for rifle barrels. "I specify a narrower range of alloys in the steel," he said. Lilja also expects the mill to keep the metal clean and the bars round and straight when they are rolled.