Does bullet diameter matter…..

In my limited experience...
A ,257 Weatherby sporting a fast Barnes bullet, goes in one side and out the other. (Wild Hog). The chase is on!
Whereas, a 6.5 Swede stops them within 25 yards...

All hail the 6.5 Swede! :)
 
Even slow and heavy works real well with the right bullet selection. I used to hunt Fox with my 1895 in 45/70, 300 grn jhp over 60 grains of H-4198. It cut them in half literally, it cut them in half. I wasn't trying to save pelts.
 
For one season, my son and I used the same bullet for coyotes, a 60gr Vmax.

He shot it from a 223wssm at 3,700+fps, and I used it in my 222 Mag, at 3,200fps.

The difference in on-game performance was impressive. Mine killed them, his hammered them. I could save pelts, he, mostly, could not.

Same bullet, same animal, but 500fps sure made a difference.
 
Years ago, bullet weight and diameter mattered. The .45-70 threw a 405 gr. chunk at around 1300 fps. The .44-40 fired a 200 gr. bullet at about the same velocity. The .45-70 could kill a Comanche warrior's horse and put that dangerous lance-wielding man on foot. A .44-40 could not. Black powder velocities were low, and diameter and weight mattered.

When the first smokeless cartridges appeared, shooters marveled at the flat trajectories and killing power of relatively small-bore bullets launched at 2000+ fps. Shooters rushed to lighter rifles like the .30 WCF with its 165 gr. bullet at 1900+ fps. The 7x57 shocked American troops in Cuba with the 2700 fps velocity. That brought us the .30-06, and the velocity race was off and running.

I feel my .270 Winchester kills deer-sized game quicker and more dramatically than my .45-70. The .270 130 gr. at 3100 fps devestates deer-sized game, often dropping them "DRT." My .45-70 kills deer just as dead, but often the deer makes a short sprint of 30-40 yards. Change the scenario to rooting a big hog out of thick cover, and I prefer the 420 gr. hard cast flat point .45-70 bullet. I know that the bullet fired at 1800 fps from my Marlin 1895 is going to penetrate that boar hog from any angle. Horses for courses...
 
My rifles are all 30 cal. They work. Shot a yote with 110 vmax (2300 fps @ 150 yds) - couldn't find an entrance/exit, just blood out of the jaw. She was running, then went legs up and stopped. Rabbits/dillos/possum - DRT with the vmax. FTX or Gold Dot (BO) for hogs, etc. G boys have taken deer with 243 and 308. They work too.
 
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