Shared this post with Ted Spraker, mentioned biologist listed above. Here is what he had to say:
Loren….Interesting read but some of the figures are puzzling. What is the 1000 kills per day? Two studies (Nelchina and Kenai) have shown that an average sized pack (7-10) makes a kill about every 4.5 days and about 75% of those kills are moose. During the Kenai study, the Swanson River pack was followed and back tracked for 45 days resulting in documentation of 15 moose kills, 6 calves and 9 adults. And black bears killed an average of 40% of the “collared” calves in two studies on the Kenai in the early eighties. In other studies brown bears killed more, 56% of the collared calves in Unit 13 in the late 1970s. There have been a fair number of calf mortality studies and the results depend on the density and variety of predator.
Lice were documented on Kenai wolves in 1982. Between 1983 and 1985, we captured and treated about 150 wolves but were never able to capture all pack members, resulting in re-infestation the next year. Since coyotes and dogs are now infested with this same species of lice, our chances are nil to get rid of it. The lice, Tricodectes canis, only survives on wolves, coyotes and dogs, hence the sub-specific name canis. Fox and lynx will not become infested with this species of lice.
We introduced 18 wolves captured near Tok to determine if Kenai wolves were genetically predisposed to the lice infestation. The Tok wolves became infested soon after the release if they joined infested packs. Of the 18 Tok wolves, two left the Kenai immediately following their release. One was an adult female and the other a yearling, I think it was a male. The female was trapped in 14B near the Chickaloon River and the yearling was shot near Cantwell. These wolves did not transmit lice to the interior since they were so heavily medicated with ivermectin, kills all internal and external parasites, that they were clean for at least 6 months, and they were killed before that. Additionally, they were free of lice when captured and didn’t spend enough time here to join an infested pack. About 10 of the remaining 16 were trapped locally (most within a year of release), one was killed by a moose (that’s the one with a broad-head in his skull) and
the rest were never recovered. All were ear tagged so if they showed up anywhere in the state they would known where they came from.