Over bait shots are usually 20 yards or so, depends where the stand is set up of course. If you go with an outfitter most would rather not see a 223 used, not that it wouldn't work.
A guy I know shot his largest bear with a 22-250. He went out to sit, not planning to shoot anything and the 'big boy' came in. This individual also guided in the past. He is a big fan of a neck shot at bait pile ranges. One should be able to thread a needle at 20 yards. The bear is usually rather still.
My last bear I tried the base of the neck. The bear went right down, zero movement otherwise. I used a 284 Win, compared to a body shot years prior with a 300WSM. The 30 cal bear went about 50 yards.
With a strong bullet, carefully picked, short range shots the 223 could work fine. I wouldn't try a body shot at 60 yards. Bears like thick cover, 100 yards or more of travel at last light and they can be hard to find/recover.